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Centrifugal Pumps (Irrigation)

Centrifugal pumps for agricultural irrigation, water transfer, and pressure boosting: single-impeller, twin-impeller, and volute-type models in single-phase and three-phase versions.

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Brands: Akın Pompa · DAB · Forza · Hydroo · İtaly Style · Kentaş · Leo · Momentum

How does a centrifugal pump work?

Centrifugal pumps work by converting the velocity imparted to the water by the motor-driven impeller into pressure inside the casing. Thanks to their simple construction, high efficiency, and wide capacity range, they are the most widely used pump type in agricultural irrigation, inter-tank water transfer, garden and greenhouse irrigation, cooling water circulation, and booster pump systems. Casings are generally made from materials such as cast iron, stainless steel, or brass.

Types of centrifugal pumps

Single-phase (220 V) models are suitable for domestic and garden use, while three-phase (380 V) models are suitable for high-power agricultural and industrial installations.

Suction and installation

Standard centrifugal pumps are not self-priming; the casing and suction pipe must be filled with water before start-up. If the water source is below the pump, a strainer-equipped foot valve must be fitted to the end of the suction pipe to prevent backflow. The suction pipe should be no narrower than the pump's suction port and should be laid with a slight upward slope toward the pump to avoid air pockets. Installing the pump as close as possible to the water source improves efficiency and reduces the risk of cavitation.

Choosing the right pump

Systems such as drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and flood irrigation each require different flow rates and pressures. First determine the flow rate the system needs and the pressure required at the furthest point; add the elevation difference and pipe losses to find the total head. This operating point should fall in the middle section of the pump's performance curve.

Frequently asked questions

How deep can a centrifugal pump draw water from?

The theoretical limit at sea level is approximately 10 meters; in practice, due to pipe losses and pump characteristics, the safe suction lift is generally around 7 meters. For deeper sources, jet pumps or submersible pumps should be used.

The pump is running but not delivering water — why?

The most common causes are air remaining in the casing or suction pipe, a leaking foot valve, or a loose fitting on the suction line. Stop the pump, refill the casing, and check the connections.

What should be done with the pump in winter?

In areas at risk of freezing, the water in the casing of a pump that is not in use must be completely drained through the drain plug.

Should I choose single-phase or three-phase?

If you have three-phase power available, three-phase motors are more efficient and durable at higher power ratings. If only household electricity is available, choose from the single-phase models.